Anti-anemic and protective effects of Grona triflora ethanol leaf extract on phenylhydrazine-induced anemia in albino rats
1 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Igbariam, Anambra State, Nigeria.
2 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Madonna University Elele Campus, Rivers State, Nigeria.
2 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Madonna University Elele Campus, Rivers State, Nigeria.
3 Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Awka Campus, Anambra State, Nigeria.
4 Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Igbariam, Anambra State, Nigeria.
Research Article
International Journal of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences Archive, 2026, 11(02), 094-102.
Article DOI: 10.53771/ijbpsa.2026.11.2.0045
Publication history:
Received on 23 March 2026; revised on 02 May 2026; accepted on 04 May 2026
Abstract:
Anemia is a global health condition characterized by reduced hemoglobin concentration and impaired oxygen transport. Medicinal plants rich in antioxidants and micronutrients are increasingly explored as alternative therapies. This study evaluated the anti-anemic effects of Grona triflora ethanol leaf extract in phenylhydrazine-induced anemia in albino rats. Extraction was done using cold maceration method. Acute toxicity was determine using Lorkes method. Thirty (30) Albino rats were used. Anemia was induced through intraperitoneal injection of phenylhydrazine at 60 mg/kg for 3 days. Rats with packed cell volume less than 29% were grouped into six groups of five rats each. Group I was the normal control while II was the negative control. Group III received 2 mg/kg Ferrous sulphate while groups IV, V and V received 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg Grona triflora extract orally for three weeks. Automatic counter was used to investigate the effect of Grona triflora ethanol leaf extract on phenyl hydrazine induced anemia. The LD50 was 5000 mg/kg. Ferrous sulphate and different doses of ethanolic leaf extracts of Grona triflora significantly (p<0.05) increased the packed cell volume, haemoglobin, red blood cells, mean corpuscular volume, mean capsulated haemoglobin, and platelets in a dose dependent manner but decreased the white blood cells, lymphocytes and neutrophils within three weeks. These findings suggest that Grona triflora possesses hematinic and protective properties, supporting its traditional use in anemia management.
Keywords:
Anemia; Grona triflora; Hematinic; Phenylhydrazine; Phytochemicals; Albino rats
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