Frequency and pattern of acute kidney injury in patients with acute stroke
1 Department of Medicine, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria.
2 Department of Internal Medicine, Delta State University Teaching Hospital, Oghara, Delta State, Nigeria.
3 Department of Community Medicine, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria.
4 Department of Community Medicine, Delta State University Teaching Hospital, Oghara, Delta State, Nigeria.
Research Article
International Journal of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences Archive, 2024, 07(02), 032–040.
Article DOI: 10.53771/ijbpsa.2024.7.2.0037
Publication history:
Received on 17 March 2024; revised on 04 May 2024; accepted on 07 May 2024
Abstract:
Background and objective: Stroke is a severe disease of the nervous system resulting in disability and death of the affected individual. Acute kidney injury (AKI) which is a clinical syndrome due to sudden renal function decline is considered as an important factor that increases fatality following a stroke. Thus, this study was conducted to determine the frequency and pattern of AKI in stroke patients and the outcome of patients with stroke and AKI.
Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study, carried out at the Delta State University Teaching Hospital (DELSUTH), Oghara, Delta state, which is a public tertiary health institution in Delta state in a semi-urban area in southern Nigeria.
Results: The mean age of patients was 58.9 ± 14.2 years. Slightly above half (53.7%) of the patients were males. Haemorrhagic stroke was the most common type of stroke. Hypertension was the most frequent co-morbid condition (59.0%). Twenty (14.9%) had acute kidney injury, of which stage one AKI was the most dominant (75.0%). Majority of the patients (79.9%) survived. Having sepsis was a significant factor associated with the presence of AKI. None of the clinical characteristics was associated with outcome of patients.
Conclusion: The frequency of AKI in stroke patients was 14.9%, with majority of the patients presenting with stage 1 AKI. Presence of sepsis was a significant risk factor for development of AKI in patients with acute stroke, while hypertension was the most prevalent comorbid condition in patients with acute stroke, thus the need for continuous screening of stroke patients for hypertension.
Keywords:
Acute Kidney Injury; Frequency; Acute Stroke; Hypertension; Sepsis
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