Relationship Between Heavy Metal Levels, Liver Function Tests, and Selected Biochemical Parameters Among Fuel station Workers in Salah Al-Din Province

Wassan Kareem Ahmed *

Department of Biology, College of Education of Pure science, University of Samarra, Salah al-Din Governorate, Iraq.
* Corresponding Author
 
Research Article
International Journal of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences Archive, 2026, 12(01), 185–191.
Article DOI: 10.53771/ijbpsa.2026.12.1.0080
Publication history: 
Received on 24 July 2026; revised on 01 September 2026; accepted on 03 September 2026
 
Abstract: 
Background: Oil and gas stations play a crucial role in the economic advancement of Salah Al-Din Governorate. Workers in this field are often exposed to toxic substances, including hydrocarbons and heavy metals, which can adversely affect their health.
Aim of the study: The current study evaluated level of cadmium and lead in Fuel station Workers and correlated with liver enzymes test, in addition to antioxidant statue.
Materials and methods: A case control study which was conducted from December 2025 to April 2026 and involved 75 participants, including 50 Fuel station Workers, and 25 control.
Result: The current study showed increase level of Lead and Cadmium in fuel station as compared with control, at p-value <0.001. In addition, increase level of Body mass index (BMI), Cholesterol, Triglycerides, low density lipoprotein (LDL), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), Packed Cell Volume (PCV), hemoglobin (Hb), malondialdehyde (MDA) in Fuel station workers as compared with control, at p-value <0.001. While decrease high density lipoprotein (HDL) and glutathione (GSH) in Fuel station workers as compared with control, at p-value <0.001.
Conclusion: The current study concluded increase lead and cadmium in Fuel station Workers, In addition, increase level of BMI, Cholesterol, Triglycerides, LDL, AST, ALT, ESR, PCV, Hb, MDA in Fuel station workers as compared with control. While decrease high density lipoprotein and glutathione in Fuel station workers as compared.
 
Keywords: 
Fuel Station Workers, Liver Enzyme Test, Glutathione, Lead, Cadmium
 
Full text article in PDF: 

Click here

 
Copyright information: 
Copyright © 2026 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0