Disturbances in Hematological Profiles and Electrolyte Homeostasis in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients: A Comparative Case-Control Study

Safa A Abdulqader *

Department of Biology, College of Science, Tikrit University, Tikrit, Iraq.
* Corresponding Author
ORCID Details
 
Research Article
International Journal of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences Archive, 2026, 12(01), 222–226.
Article DOI: 10.53771/ijbpsa.2026.12.1.0093
Publication history: 
Received on 14 August 2026; revised on 20 September 2026; accepted on 22 September 2026
 
Abstract: 
Background: There are several different types of kidney replacement therapy, but the most frequent one is hemodialysis (HD).
Aim of the study: The present study aimed to evaluated level of hematological, and electrolyte in HD patients and control.
Materials and methods: This study involved 60 individuals of Iraqi renal failure patients with hemodialysis from Tikrit Teaching. The healthy group in volved 30 individuals, who were free from renal failure symptoms and other diseases. These samples were collected during the period from September 2025 to March 2026. Exclusion criteria Renal failure patients’ pre-hemodialysis.
 Result: White blood cell (WBC) and platelet (PLT) counts in HD patients were found to be non-significantly different from those in the control group (P > 0.05). On the other hand, HD patients had considerably lower levels of packed cell volume (PCV) and haemoglobin (Hb) than controls (P < 0.001). HD patients had considerably higher serum phosphate levels (5.8 ± 0.9 mg/dL) than the control group (P < 0.001). On the other hand, HD patients had considerably lower serum levels of calcium, chloride, potassium, and sodium than controls (P < 0.001).
Conclusion: The present study concluded that hemodialysis patients had significantly lower hemoglobin, packed cell volume, calcium, chloride, potassium, and sodium levels, while serum phosphate levels were significantly elevated.
 
Keywords: 
Maintenance Hemodialysis, Hematological Profiles, Electrolyte Homeostasis, End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)
 
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Copyright © 2026 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0